Guardianship Services: Vulnerable

There’s no easy way to determine who needs a guardianship, which is why each person’s situation must be considered in the following way:

• Identifying and meeting the needs of our clients by receiving referrals from friends and family, community members, hospitals, Vulnerable Adult Protective Services, nursing homes, psychiatric centers, judges, human service centers, county social services, or the courts.
• Talking to staff at our clients’ home or residential facility to make sure that their needs are met.
• Involving our clients in the decision making process whenever possible and providing dignity of risk.
• Ensuring that our clients are living as independently as possible while meeting their health and safety needs by preventing abuse, neglect, and exploitation.
• Keeping the individual’s best interest in mind when making residential, medical, legal, and financial decisions.
• Visiting our clients regularly so we know their needs and wishes.

Guardianship is when a person has the legal authority to care for the personal and property interests of another person who is called a ward. Guardianship is the appointment of a person or entity to oversee the physical and medical care of a person with limited capacity. A guardian is required to act in and represent the best interests of the individual, and to protect the individual and his or her rights. A guardian must ensure that services are provided in the least restrictive way possible and are tailored to the needs of the individual.

Conservatorship may be appointed to manage the estate and finances of an individual. This is usually done when an individual has significant assets to manage. The appointment is a separate legal process and does not involve making decisions regarding the individual’s personal life.

Representative Payee is a person who acts as the receiver of United States Social Security Disability or Supplemental Security Income for a person who is not fully capable of managing their own benefits, i.e. cannot be their own payee. The representative payee is expected to assist the person with money management along with providing protection from financial and victimization.

Client Benefits & Supports will be maximized through applications for North Dakota Medicaid, social security, and housing needs. We will also provide assistance with asset and resource determination.

North Dakota Century Code recognizes that an individual may need the protection of a guardian in all areas of their life, or only specific areas.

• General Guardian: Responsible for decisions in all aspects of the individual’s life. This guardian assures that the individual has a place to live, food to eat, proper clothing and other necessities as well as medical treatment, schooling, vocational opportunities and other needed services.
• Limited Guardian: Given authority to make decisions only in specific areas of the individual’s life. The court’s orders or letters will identify these areas.
• Emergency Guardian: Appointed in situations where immediate action is required to prevent harm to the individual. An emergency guardianship cannot be in effect longer than 90 days.
• Testamentary Guardian: The guardian spouse or guardian parent of a person who has been adjudicated to be incapacitated may, by will, appoint a successor guardian for that person.

A guardian is required to act in and represent the best interests of an individual, and to protect the individual and his or her rights. They must ensure that services are provided in the most normalized and least restrictive means possible and are specifically tailored to the needs of the individual.

North Dakota Century Code requires a guardian to involve the individual in all decisions to the fullest extent possible, which the court will clearly define.

Unless specifically limited by order of the court, an individual retains: the right to vote; the right to seek to change marital status; and the right to obtain or retain a motor vehicle license.

Steps for Referrals

We provide guardianship services for individuals who are vulnerable, elderly, or have mental health concerns and are 18 years or older.

If you feel that your family member, friend, or client needs the support of a legal guardian but no one is able to help, please contact us at 701-235-4457 or by email at [email protected].

Referrals can come from many different people or places such as:

• Family
• Friend
• VAPS
• Attorney
• Community Member
• Hospital
• Nursing Home
• Psychiatric Center
• Human Service Centers in North Dakota
• County Social Services
• Courts/Judges

We provide guardianship services for the vulnerable across North Dakota. Here are the specific areas we cover.

• Fargo
• Grand Forks
• Wahpeton
• Lisbon
• Devils Lake
• Valley City
• Jamestown
• Rugby
• Minot
• Cando
• Bottineau
• Rolla
• Carrington
• New Rockford
• Grafton
• Cavalier
• Ellendale
• LaMoure

There is a legal procedure that must be followed in order to establish a guardianship.  Once it has been determined that guardianship is the most appropriate solution, the first step is to contact an attorney.  Your attorney will help you file a petition for guardianship and a court hearing will be set.  Notices of the petition for guardianship and date of the hearing will be given to all interested parties, including the proposed individual.  At the hearing, the court decides if the proposed individual needs a guardian, the level of guardianship (limited or general) and who will be the guardian.

The attorney representing the person seeking the guardianship (the petitioner) will continue to gather information and evidence that supports the need for establishing guardianship. The court will appoint a guardian ad litem, a visitor, and an expert examiner (physician, psychiatrist, advanced practice registered nurse, physician assistant or psychologist) to evaluate the need for and appropriateness of establishing a guardianship for the proposed individual.

• The guardian ad litem (GAL) is an attorney who represents the proposed individual. The GAL visits with the proposed individual and evaluates all of the available information on the case. The GAL then files a report and recommendations with the court. The guardian ad litem makes recommendations based on what he or she feels is in the best interests of the proposed individual.
• The visitor is usually a social service professional who visits with the proposed individual, his or her current (future, if applicable) residence and the proposed guardian. The visitor may meet with others who are involved in the case and examine information pertinent to the case. The visitor then files a report and recommendations with the court.
• The expert examiner examines or evaluates the proposed individual. His or her recommendations and report are then filed with the court.

All interested parties could and should attend the hearing. The proposed individual must attend unless very good and clear reasons for his or her absence are provided to the court. (The court may hold the hearing at an alternative location such as a nursing home or hospital to ensure the proposed individual’s attendance.)

• The attorney representing the petitioner presents evidence to establish that the proposed individual is unable to make or communicate responsible decisions for his or her well-being in all or certain areas of his or her life. CCND will not petition the case. You would have to work with an attorney or Vulnerable Adult Protection.
• The court accepts and carefully considers the reports and recommendations filed by the visitor, guardian ad litem, and expert examiner.
• Anyone involved in the case may testify to prove or disprove the need to establish guardianship.
• Once the evidence has been presented and testimony has been given, the court must decide if there is clear and convincing evidence that the proposed individual is incapacitated and there are no other options available to safeguard the proposed individual’s health, safety and habilitation. If so, the court appoints a guardian who will be able to fulfill the assigned duties properly.

In order to protect the freedoms and rights of a proposed individual, the procedure to establish a guardianship is detailed, specific and requires the services of a number of professionals. The cost of setting up a guardianship includes attorney’s fees, court costs, and fees for the guardian ad litem, visitor and the expert examiner.

• The cost to establish a guardianship can range from $1,000 to $2,000 or more. In most cases, these costs are paid by the person who is petitioning for the court to establish a guardianship or if the court orders, the proposed individual may be required to pay. In some cases, certain fees can be paid by an outside agency or may even be waived.

The court will issue orders and letters that specify the areas where the guardian does and does not have authority and responsibility.  After the guardianship orders and letters have been signed and filed with the court, the guardianship becomes official.

You may have the authority to oversee and handle the individual's funds. You must make sure that the individual's money is spent to cover his or her needs such as rent, clothing, and other bills.  Unless you agree to take on more financial responsibility for the individual or are clearly negligent in handling the individual's funds, you have no personal financial responsibility.

You need to make arrangements for the care of the individual; you are not required to have the individual move into your home. You are responsible for seeing to the well-being and best interest of the indivdual.

Guardians are required to file an Annual Wellbeing Report, an Annual Financial Accounting and a Confidential Information Form with the court.  The report forms are available from the probate office of the district court as well as the North Dakota Supreme Court website.  The reports consist of information about the physical and emotional condition of the individual, the services that the individual receives, any problems that have occurred since the last report, what the guardian has done for the individual, a summary of any medical decisions the guardian has made on behalf of the individual and an accounting of the individual’s financials.

As a guardian your primary responsibility is to ensure that the individual is receiving necessary and quality services.  There are agencies and organizations that can provide assistance in obtaining these services.  Some of these agencies and organizations are:  Protection & Advocacy Project, North Dakota Department of Human Services/Vulnerable Adult Protective Services, Legal Services of North Dakota, your district court, North Dakota Department of Human Services/Developmental Disabilities Division, North Dakota Department of Human Services/Aging Services Division, Mental Health Association of North Dakota, area social services, the Guardianship Association of North Dakota and the Guardianship Division of Catholic Charities North Dakota.